epimedium extract
Icariin
CAS: 489-32-7
Molecular Formula: C33H40O15
epimedium extract - Names and Identifiers
epimedium extract - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C33H40O15 |
| Molar Mass | 676.66 |
| Density | 1.55 |
| Melting Point | 223-225 ºC |
| Boling Point | 948.5±65.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Specific Rotation(α) | D15 -87.09° (in pyridine) |
| Flash Point | 300.9°C |
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol, ethyl acetate, insoluble in water, insoluble in ether, benzene, chloroform. |
| Vapor Presure | 0mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | Pale yellow needle crystalline powder |
| Color | light yellow to yellow |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['350nm(MeOH)(lit.)'] |
| Merck | 14,3617 |
| pKa | 5.90±0.40(Predicted) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | Light Sensitive |
| Refractive Index | 1.679 |
| MDL | MFCD00210516 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Soluble in ethanol, ethyl acetate, insoluble in water, insoluble in ether, benzene, chloroform. It is derived from the plant Epimedium brevicornum Maxim. |
epimedium extract - Risk and Safety
| Safety Description | 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | DJ2980500 |
| HS Code | 29389090 |
epimedium extract - Epimedium extract
Open Data Unverified Data
- The Epimedium extract is a product made by processing dried stems and leaves of Epimedium brevicornum and the like as raw materials. The commercial extract has many specifications, and usually uses icariin or total flavonoids as the standard index.
- There are about 30 species of epimedium in the world, and there are 20 species in China. In addition to the distribution of epimedium in northern Korea, the other species are endemic in China. China's more Epimedium origin, mainly in Shaanxi, Shanxi, Gansu, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei and other places.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
epimedium extract - Physical and chemical properties
Open Data Unverified Data
light yellow needle Crystal (hydrous pyridine),mp 231-232 °c. [Α] D22-92 °. Soluble in ethanol, ethyl acetate, insoluble in ether, benzene, chloroform.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:48:59
epimedium extract - Analytical methods
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TLC
0.5g of epimedium herb powder or an appropriate amount of extract was added with 10ml of ethanol, and the mixture was incubated for 30 minutes, filtered, the filtrate was evaporated to dryness, and the residue was dissolved by adding 1ml of ethanol, which was the sample solution. Icariin control was weighed, dissolved in methanol and diluted to 0.1mg/ml, which was the control solution. 10 μl of the test solution and 10 μl of the reference solution were picked up on the silica gel H thin layer plate with the same sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the adhesive, and ethyl acetate-methyl ethyl ketone-formic acid-water (10:1:1:1) for the development of the solvent, expand, take out, dry, set the ultraviolet lamp (365nm) to view, and the same dark red spots are displayed on the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the test sample; the sample was sprayed with aluminum trichloride solution and inspected by ultraviolet lamp (365nm), showing the same orange-red fluorescent spots.
determination of total flavonoids in herba epimedii and its extracts by spectrophotometry
The reference substance icariin was accurately weighed and prepared into a standard solution of 10ug/ml with methanol. Accurately weigh the appropriate amount of this product powder (equivalent to about 1mg of icariin), ultrasonic with 25ml of methanol for 30 minutes, set the volume in a 50ml measuring flask, and filter with a 0.45 μm microporous filter membrane, that is, the test solution. Take the test solution and the reference solution respectively, take the reagent as the blank, measure the absorbance at 270nm wavelength, and calculate it.
determination of icariin in herba epimedii and its extract by HPLC
chromatographic conditions and system suitability test: ODS2 5u C18 (4mm × 150mm) column; Mobile phase: acetonitrile-water (30:70); Detection wavelength: 270nm; Flow rate: 0.8/min. Theoretical plate number icariin is not less than 1500.
- preparation of control solution: the control substance icariin was accurately weighed and prepared into a 0.1mg/ml solution with methanol.
- preparation of test solution: accurately weigh the appropriate amount of this product powder (equivalent to about 1mg of icariin), ultrasonic with 25ml of methanol for 30 minutes, and set the volume in a 50ml measuring flask, the test solution was obtained by filtration through a 0.45 μm microfiltration membrane.
- measurement method: 10 μl of each of the sample test solution and the control solution were injected into the HPLC instrument, and calculated by the area external standard method.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:49:01
epimedium extract - Pharmacological action
Open Data Unverified Data
effect on sexual function
The extract of herba epimedii can promote the function of gonad. Flavonoids such as icariin have the function of tonifying kidney and strengthening Yang, 30~1000 μg/l can promote the secretion of estradiol by follicular granulosa cells, in 1000g/l can promote the secretion of corticosterone in adrenal cortex cells. At the same time, EPS can increase the level of gonadal hormone, mainly increase the level of FSH.
improve immune function
50% methanol extract of epimedium pubescens could inhibit lymphocyte transformation. Total flavonoids of herba epimedii can make the "yang deficiency" mice form cell function and antibody is high, significantly enhance the immune function of human T cells. Both EPS and EI have immunomodulatory effects.
Antioxidant
both EPS and EI have antioxidant activity, which can enhance the activity of antioxidant enzyme and reduce the effect of free radical products.
Anti-aging effect
herba epimedii extract can affect the cell passage, prolong the growth period, regulate the immune and secretion system, improve the metabolism and function of various organs and prolong life.
cardiovascular effects
The non-amino acids in the extract of epimedium alcohol could significantly increase the coronary flow of isolated rabbit heart. Decoction and alcohol infusion can lower blood pressure. Icariin can directly relax vascular smooth muscle, can expand coronary artery, femoral artery and cerebral artery. The mechanism of action is to inhibit the influx of extracellular calcium ions in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:49:03
epimedium extract - Other pharmacological effects
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antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects
In Vitro Test, epimedium has strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition of spinal cord gray matter in tissue culture of Virus, E-CHO Virus and Coxsackie Virus Virus. The subcutaneous injection of methanol extract of herba epimedii can significantly inhibit the egg white foot swelling of rats, and can reduce the increase of capillary permeability induced by histamine in rabbits.
hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects
The experimental hyperlipidemia rabbits were given Epimedium decoction for 10 days, which had the effect of reducing the cholesterol and triglyceride of B. It has obvious hypoglycemic effect on experimental hyperglycemic rats after oral administration of epimedium extract.
Anti-tumor effect
total flavonoids of epimedium can significantly improve the phagocytic function of macrophages and the transformation rate of T lymphocytes in tumor-bearing mice, these results suggest that it can promote the nonspecific killing of tumor cells by macrophages and the specificity and cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes, and has a certain recovery effect on the low cellular immune function of tumor bearing mice, at the same time can increase the spleen body ratio, significantly improve the erythrocyte C3b receptor rosette rate and reduce the erythrocyte immune complex rosette rate. These results suggest that total flavonoids of epimedium can increase the cellular immune function and erythrocyte immune function of tumor-bearing mice, and inhibit the growth of tumor cells to a certain extent.
Review and Outlook
The pharmacological effects related to the efficacy of epimedium for tonifying kidney yang and strengthening bones are to enhance gonadal function, regulate immune function, promote bone growth, delay aging and so on. Epimedium also has strong heart, lowering blood pressure, anti-arrhythmia, increase cerebral blood flow, antibacterial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, anti-tumor and other effects, with high medicinal and health value. However, the research and development is still in the initial stage, and the research on the effective components of Epimedium is not deep enough, and the microscopic mechanism of pharmacological effects observed on the macro level needs to be further studied. Therefore, to make use of the advantages of China's Epimedium resources, the use of traditional Chinese medicine experience combined with modern science and technology, in its effective ingredients, preparation process, pharmacological effects and clinical application of in-depth study, epimedium may become a good development prospect of enhancing immune function and immune regulation, anti-osteoporosis, treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, it has broad application prospects.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:49:04
epimedium extract - Characteristics and habits
Open Data Unverified Data
icariin can increase cardiovascular and cerebrovascular blood flow, promote hematopoietic function, immune function and bone metabolism, with kidney yang, anti-aging, anti-tumor effect.
- effect on endocrine: icariin can promote sexual function due to hypersecretion of semen, after the seminal vesicle is full, it stimulates the sensory nerve and indirectly excites the sexual desire.
- effect on immune system function: the number of T cells, the rate of lymphocyte transformation, antibody, antigen and the phagocytic function of reticuloendothelial system in patients with kidney deficiency are low, which can be improved after treatment with epimedium and other kidney-tonifying drugs.
- Anti-aging effect: icariin can affect the aging mechanism from different aspects. Such as the influence of cell passage, prolong the growth period, regulate the immune and secretion system, improve the body metabolism and organ function.
- effect on cardiovascular system: icariin has certain protective effect on myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin in rats, and has obvious antihypertensive effect.
- Epimedium japonica produced in Japan can dilate the pupils of the frog, increase the voluntary movement of the mice, hyperreflexia, often mild spasm, and then stop breathing and die, the heart continues to beat for a certain period of time after cessation of breathing. The median lethal dose of epimedium extract in mice by intraperitoneal injection was 36g/kg, and the median lethal dose in mice by intravenous injection was 56.8±2.7g/kg No5-1-1. The methanol extract of this product has low toxicity. Mice were given 450g/kg for 3 days, and the results showed normal activity and no toxic reaction. Japanese production of live can make the frog's pupil dilated, the mice increased voluntary movement, hyperreflexia, often mild spasm, then to stop breathing and death.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:49:04
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View History
epimedium extract
Solvent Red 168
PENTAERYTHRITOL MONO OLEATE
AMMONIUM OXALATE TS
TETRAMETHYLENE BROMIDE
Solvent Red 168
PENTAERYTHRITOL MONO OLEATE
AMMONIUM OXALATE TS
TETRAMETHYLENE BROMIDE